Kreme\u0148 (SiO\u2082) je na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead ve\u013emi podobn\u00fd sklu, ale zvl\u00e1\u0161tnos\u0165ou je, \u017ee oby\u010dajn\u00e9 sklo sa sklad\u00e1 z mnoh\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek (napr\u00edklad kremenn\u00fd piesok, b\u00f3rax, kyselina borit\u00e1, baryt, uhli\u010ditan b\u00e1rnat\u00fd, v\u00e1penec, \u017eivec, uhli\u010ditan sodn\u00fd at\u010f.). zlo\u017eenie, zatia\u013e \u010do kreme\u0148 obsahuje len SiO\u2082 a jeho mikro\u0161trukt\u00fara je jednoduch\u00e1 sie\u0165 zlo\u017een\u00e1 z krem\u00edkov\u00fdch tetraedrick\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00farnych jednotiek. preto\u017ee mno\u017estvo kovov\u00fdch pr\u00edmes\u00ed obsiahnut\u00fdch v kremeni je ve\u013emi mal\u00e9 a jeho vlastn\u00e1 \u010distota je mimoriadne vysok\u00e1, samotn\u00fd kreme\u0148 m\u00e1 vlastnosti a v\u00fdhody, ktor\u00e9 in\u00e9 skl\u00e1 nem\u00f4\u017eu vykazova\u0165, a je zn\u00e1my ako \"koruna\" v sklen\u00fdch materi\u00e1loch. Napr\u00edklad pokia\u013e ide o odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di teplu, kreme\u0148 nepraskne, ani ke\u010f sa vlo\u017e\u00ed do vody bezprostredne po tom, ako sa v ohni sp\u00e1li do \u010dervena, zatia\u013e \u010do oby\u010dajn\u00e9 sklo po sp\u00e1len\u00ed do \u010dervena vo vode nepraskne, ale sa roztrhne hne\u010f, ako sa sp\u00e1li. Konkr\u00e9tnej\u0161ie v\u00fdhody s\u00fa tieto:
1. Odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m. Teplota bodu m\u00e4knutia kremenn\u00e9ho skla je pribli\u017ene 1730 \u2103, m\u00f4\u017ee sa dlho pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pri 1150 \u2103 a najvy\u0161\u0161ia teplota m\u00f4\u017ee v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase dosiahnu\u0165 1450 \u2103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii. S v\u00fdnimkou kyseliny fluorovod\u00edkovej nem\u00e1 vysoko \u010dist\u00fd kreme\u0148 takmer \u017eiadnu chemick\u00fa reakciu s in\u00fdmi kyselinami. Pri vysokej teplote je odoln\u00fd vo\u010di p\u00f4sobeniu kyseliny s\u00edrovej, dusi\u010dnej, chlorovod\u00edkovej, aqua regia, neutr\u00e1lnych sol\u00ed, uhl\u00edka a s\u00edry. Jeho odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m je 30-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia ako odolnos\u0165 keramiky a 150-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia ako odolnos\u0165 nehrdzavej\u00facej ocele, najm\u00e4 jeho chemick\u00e1 stabilita pri vysokej teplote, ktor\u00e1 je neporovnate\u013en\u00e1 so \u017eiadnym in\u00fdm technick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Dobr\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 stabilita. Koeficient tepelnej roz\u0165a\u017enosti vysoko \u010dist\u00e9ho kreme\u0148a je extr\u00e9mne mal\u00fd a odol\u00e1va siln\u00fdm teplotn\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m. Kreme\u0148 vysokej \u010distoty sa zahrieva na teplotu pribli\u017ene 1100 \u2103 a nepraskne vo vode s norm\u00e1lnou teplotou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Dobr\u00fd prenos svetla. Kreme\u0148 s vysokou \u010distotou m\u00e1 dobr\u00fa priepustnos\u0165 svetla v celom spektr\u00e1lnom p\u00e1sme od ultrafialov\u00e9ho po infra\u010derven\u00e9 a priepustnos\u0165 vidite\u013en\u00e9ho svetla je vy\u0161\u0161ia ako 93%, najm\u00e4 v ultrafialovej spektr\u00e1lnej oblasti m\u00f4\u017ee maxim\u00e1lna priepustnos\u0165 dosiahnu\u0165 viac ako 80%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Dobr\u00fd elektrick\u00fd izola\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Hodnota odporu vysoko \u010dist\u00e9ho kreme\u0148a je 10 000-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia ako hodnota be\u017en\u00e9ho kremenn\u00e9ho skla. Je to vynikaj\u00faci elektroizola\u010dn\u00fd materi\u00e1l a m\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti aj pri vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u010faka t\u00fdmto vynikaj\u00facim fyzik\u00e1lnym a chemick\u00fdm vlastnostiam sa kremenn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly s vysokou \u010distotou \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v modern\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch, polovodi\u010doch, komunik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, elektrick\u00fdch sveteln\u00fdch zdrojoch, sol\u00e1rnej energii, vysoko presn\u00fdch merac\u00edch pr\u00edstrojoch n\u00e1rodnej obrany, laborat\u00f3rnych fyzik\u00e1lnych a chemick\u00fdch pr\u00edstrojoch, jadrovej energii, nanopriemysle at\u010f. Najm\u00e4 v r\u00fdchlo sa rozv\u00edjaj\u00facom polovodi\u010dovom priemysle sa zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uje ve\u013ekos\u0165 krem\u00edkov\u00fdch do\u0161ti\u010diek, tak\u017ee v\u00fdrobcovia \u010dipov zv\u00fd\u0161ili dopyt po r\u00f4znych komponentoch vyroben\u00fdch z kreme\u0148a. Treba v\u0161ak tie\u017e poznamena\u0165, \u017ee v z\u00e1ujme predch\u00e1dzania kontamin\u00e1cii po\u010das spracovania sa mus\u00ed po\u010das pou\u017e\u00edvania zabezpe\u010di\u0165 vysok\u00e1 \u010distota kremenn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Quartz (SiO\u2082) material is very similar to glass at first glance, but what is more special is that ordinary glass […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Quartz Glass Products Advantages","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":381,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions\/381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exactquartz.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}